When the immune system reacts, it may cause symptoms of severe allergy. Larval cysts may shed debris or break down. People may be anxious or stressed about having a tapeworm infection, seeing parts of tapeworms in stool or passing long tapeworms. In some cases, a part of a tapeworm can block a duct that connects another organ to the intestines. This can happen because the tapeworm keeps the body from getting enough vitamin B-12. Long-term infection with a fish tapeworm may lead to the body not making enough healthy red blood cells, also called anemia. Tapeworm infections usually don't cause complications. Living in or traveling to regions with high rates of infection is a risk factor. A lack of clean water for drinking, bathing and making food increases the risk of exposure to tapeworm eggs. This increases the risk of people eating infected meat. Lack of sanitation and sewage for human waste increases the risk of livestock getting tapeworm eggs from people. Unwashed fruits and vegetables also can carry tapeworm eggs. Poor handwashing increases the risk of getting and spreading infections. Dried and smoked fish also may have larval cysts in them. The main risk factor for tapeworm infection is eating raw or undercooked meat and fish. Other eggs hatch in the intestine to make a repeating cycle.įactors that may put you at greater risk of tapeworm or larval cyst infection include: Some eggs from the tapeworm pass in stool. The larva burrows into the wall of the intestines and forms a larval cyst. Exposure also may happen because of poor handwashing. The dwarf tapeworm enters humans as eggs from food or water. If this happens, a person can get a larval cyst infection. Poor handwashing may lead to the same person or another person being exposed to the eggs. For example, a person can have adult pork tapeworms from eating undercooked pork. Humans can be a definitive host or an intermediate host for pork tapeworms. There are two exceptions to the typical life cycle of tapeworms that can infect humans. Symptoms also appear when one or more cysts keep an organ from working correctly. They happen when the immune system responds to the cyst shedding debris, breaking down or hardening. Symptoms usually show up years after the infection began. If a cyst bursts, it can lead to cysts forming in other parts of the body. The larva travels through the bloodstream and forms a cyst somewhere in the body. Humans also can be exposed to eggs in dog feces.Īn egg hatches in the person's intestines. This usually happens when they drink water or eat food with tapeworm eggs. Humans may be the intermediate hosts for other tapeworm species. They may get a tapeworm infection after eating raw or undercooked: Humans are the definitive hosts for some species of tapeworms. In this case, the cow is called the intermediate host, and the person is the definitive host. It produces eggs that pass in the person's stool. The tapeworm attaches to the wall of the intestine where it feeds. The larval cyst develops into an adult tapeworm. When people, the definitive host, eat undercooked meat from that cow, they can develop a tapeworm infection. It forms a protective shell, called a cyst. The young parasite, called a larva, passes into the bloodstream and moves to muscles. If a cow, the intermediate host, eats grass with these eggs on it, the eggs hatch in its intestines. The beef tapeworm eggs can survive in the environment for months or years. For example, beef tapeworms need cattle and humans to go through a complete life cycle. The other host is where the larva become adults, called the definitive host. One host is the place where a parasite grows from egg to larva, called the intermediate host. Most tapeworms need two different hosts to complete a life cycle. If you experience any of the symptoms of tapeworm or larval cyst infection, get medical care. There also may be pain and swelling at the site of the larval cyst infection. For example, larval cysts can cause severe disease in the liver, lungs or heart. These can affect how well the organ works. Symptoms of larval cyst infection depend on where they are causing disease in the body. Upset stomach, or feeling like you could throw up.And some symptoms are more likely with some species of tapeworm. The severity of symptoms depends in part on the number of tapeworms. Tapeworm infection in the intestinesĪ tapeworm in the intestines may cause no symptoms. Symptoms depend mostly on where the infection happens in the body.
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